Jacob Lawrence
États-Unis
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1917 – 2000
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126 œuvres
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Réalisme social
Période d'activité
Œuvres (126)
They arrived in great numbers into Chicago the gateway of the West
Museum of Modern Art
Negro press was also influential in urging the people to leave the South
Museum of Modern Art
They also worked in large numbers on the railroad
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Negro was the largest source of labor to be found after all others had been exhausted
Museum of Modern Art
Migrants arrived in great numbers
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World War had caused a great shortage in Northern industry and also citizens of foreign countries were returning home
Museum of Modern Art
In many of the communities the Negro press was read continually because of its attitude and its encouragement of the movement
Museum of Modern Art
Another of the social causes of the migrants' leaving was that at times they did not feel safe or it was not the best thing to be found on the streets late at night. They were arrested on the slightest provocation
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They also made it very difficult for migrants leaving the South. They often went to railroad stations and arrested the Negroes wholesale which in turn made them miss their train.
Museum of Modern Art
Living conditions were better in the North
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Industries attempted to board their labor in quarters that were oftentimes very unhealthy. Labor camps were numerous
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Housing for the Negroes was a very difficult problem
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Race riots were very numerous all over the North because of the antagonism that was caused between the Negro and white workers. Many of these riots occurred because the Negro was used as a strike breaker in many of the Northern industries
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One of the largest race riots occurred in East St. Louis
Museum of Modern Art
One of the main forms of social and recreational activities in which the migrants indulged occurred in the church
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Among one of the last groups to leave the South was the Negro professional who was forced to follow his clientele to make a living
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In the North the Negro had better educational facilities
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Trains were packed continually with migrants
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And the migrants kept coming
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They did not always leave because they were promised work in the North. Many of them left because of Southern conditions one of them being great floods that ruined the crops and therefore they were unable to make a living where they were
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They were very poor
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Railroad stations were at times so over-packed with people leaving that special guards had to be called in to keep order
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Among the social conditions that existed which was partly the cause of the migration was the injustice done to the Negroes in the courts
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Although the Negro was used to lynching he found this an opportune time for him to leave where one had occurred
Museum of Modern Art
126 œuvres
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